the falkirk wheel翻译

2023-02-15 07:50:22 来源：网络 作者：朗阁小编

the falkirk wheel翻译 the falkirk wheel，即穆尔欧文大轴。该首诗所致桥托福11 Test1 Passage2，总共7段，分别介绍了该大轴的作用，修建原因，唤起意念，制做和加装，构成，运转基本原理等内容，今天小贴士给我们撷取一下the falkirk wheel翻译，我们一起来学习吧。 the falkirk wheel翻译译者

the falkirk wheel翻译

the falkirk wheel，即穆尔欧文大轴。该首诗所致桥托福11 Test1 Passage2，总共7段，分别介绍了该大轴的作用，修建原因，唤起意念，制做和加装，构成，运转基本原理等内容，今天小贴士给我们撷取一下the falkirk wheel翻译，我们一起来学习吧。

the falkirk wheel翻译译者

第1段

The Falkirk Wheel in Scotland is the world’s first and only rotating boat lift.Opened in 2002,it is central to the ambitious￡84.5m Millennium Link project to restore navigability across Scotland by reconnecting the historic waterways of the Forth&Clyde and Union Canals.

爱尔兰的穆尔欧文大轴是*上第二个也是惟一的转动式燃气轮机电梯。它于2002年对外开放，是野心勃勃的、斥资8450万镑的Millennium Link工程项目的核心理念。该工程项目透过重新相连Forth＆Clyde和联手水路的发展史水道来恢复整个爱尔兰的远航能力。

第2段

The major challenge of the project lay in the fact that the Forth&Clyde Canal is situated 35 metres below the level of the Union Canal.Historically,the two canals had been joined near the town of Falkirk by a sequence of 11 locks–enclosed sections of canal in which the water level could be raised or lowered–that stepped down across a distance of 1.5 km.This had been dismantled in 1933,thereby breaking the link.When the project was launched in 1994,the British Waterways authority were keen to create a dramatic twenty-first-century landmark which would not only be a fitting commemoration of the Millennium,but also a lasting symbol of the economic regeneration of the region.

该工程项目的主要考验是，Forth＆Clyde水路位于联手水路水平线以下35米。从发展史上看，这两个水路是在穆尔欧文镇附近透过11道坝体在1.5千米的宽度里逐渐下降进而相连在一起的-半封闭的水路段该文来自老涮羊肉托福可以增高或降低水势。这些器在1933年被拆毁，进而阻断了水路之间的联系。当该工程项目于1994年重新启动，英国水路局渴求建立一个引人瞩目的三十世纪旅游景点。这不仅是对新五百年的正确庆祝，而且是该地区经济革新的长久寓意。

第3段

Numerous ideas were submitted for the project,including concepts ranging from rolling eggs to tilting tanks,from giant see-saws to overhead monorails.The eventual winner was a plan for the huge rotating steel boat lift which was to become The Falkirk Wheel.The unique shape of the structure is claimed to have been inspired by various sources,both manmade and natural,most notably a Celtic double-headed axe,but also the vast turning propeller of a ship,the ribcage of a whale or the spine of a fish.

人们为该工程项目提出了许多设想，包括从慢速器到下压的通风口，从超大型此消彼长到高架路单轨等概念。*终的失败者是非常大的转动不锈钢船只电梯计划，也就是之后的穆尔科克大轴。据传，这种结构的独有花纹是受到环境因素的启迪，数人和自然的都有，**的是马刺的白唇斧，岸上非常大的转动旋翼，海豚的胸口或者鱼种的胸骨。

第4段

The various parts of The Falkirk Wheel were all constructed and assembled,like one giant toy building set,at Butterley Engineering’s Steelworks in Derbyshire,some 400 km from Falkirk.A team there carefully assembled the 1,200 tonnes of steel,painstakingly fitting the pieces together to an accuracy of just 10 mm to ensure a perfect final fit.This article is from Laokaoya website.In the summer of 2001,the structure was then dismantled and transported on 35 lorries to Falkirk,before all being bolted back together again on the ground,and finally lifted into position in five large sections by crane.The Wheel would need to withstand immense and constantly changing stresses as it rotated,so to make the structure more robust,the steel sections were bolted rather than welded together.Over 45,000 bolt holes were matched with their bolts,and each bolt was hand-tightened.

穆尔欧文大轴的各个部分都在德比郡布特利工程公司的钢铁厂（距福尔欧文约400千米）中修建和组装，就像一组非常大的玩具一样。那里的团队精心组装了1200吨钢铁部件，竭尽全力地以仅为10毫米的精确度将零件装配在一起，以*证*终的完美组合。2001年夏天，该设备被拆毁，并用35辆卡车运输到穆尔欧文，然后全部重新固定在地面上，*后用起重机将五大部分吊装到位。大轴在转动时需要承受非常大且不断变化的应力，因此为了使结构更加牢固，不锈钢部分采用螺栓相连而不是焊接在一起。超过45,000个螺栓孔与它们的螺栓匹配，并且每个螺栓都是手动拧紧的。

第5段

The Wheel consists of two sets of opposing axe-shaped arms,attached about 25 metres apart to a fixed central spine.Two diametrically opposed water-filled‘gondolas’,each with a capacity of 360,000 litres,are fitted between the ends of the arms.These gondolas always weigh the same,whether or not they are carrying boats.This is because,according to Archimedes’principle of displacement,floating objects displace their own weight in water.So when a boat enters a gondola,the amount of water leaving the gondola weighs exactly the same as the boat.This keeps the Wheel balanced and so,despite its enormous mass,it rotates through 180°in five and a half minutes while using very little power.It takes just 1.5 kilowatt-hours(5.4 M J)of energy to rotate the Wheel–roughly the same as boiling eight small domestic kettles of water.

大轴由两组相对的斧形悬臂组成。它们以约25米的距离相连到固定的中心支柱上。两个截然相反的充满水的“贡多拉”，分别装在悬臂的末端，容量为360,000升。无论贡多拉是否载着船，它们的重量始终相同。这是因为，根据阿基米德的位移基本原理，漂浮物体会在水中排除自身的重量。因此，当船只进入贡多拉时，离开贡多拉的水的重量与船只的重量完全相同。这样可以使大轴*持平衡，因此尽管大轴质量非常大，但它能用非常少的能量在五分半钟内转动180°。转动大轴仅需1.5千瓦时（5.4 MJ）的能量-大约与煮沸八个家用小水壶所需要的能量相同。

第6段

Boats needing to be lifted up enter the canal basin at the level of the Forth&Clyde Canal and then enter the lower gondola of the Wheel.Two hydraulic steel gates are raised,so as to seal the gondola off from the water in the canal basin.The water between the gates is then pumped out.A hydraulic clamp,which prevents the arms of the Wheel moving while the gondola is docked,is removed,allowing the Wheel to turn.In the central machine room an array of ten hydraulic motors then begins to rotate the central axle.The axle connects to the outer arms of the Wheel,which begin to rotate at a speed of 1/8 of a revolution per minute.As the wheel rotates,the gondolas are kept in the upright position by a simple gearing system.Two eight-metre-wide cogs orbit a fixed inner cog of the same width,connected by two smaller cogs travelling in the opposite direction to the outer cogs–so ensuring that the gondolas always remain level.When the gondola reaches the top,the boat passes straight onto the aqueduct situated 24 metres above the canal basin.

需要升起的船只以Forth&Clyde水路的高度进入水路港池，然后进入大轴的下部吊舱。两个水力钢坝体被抬起，进而将调仓半封闭于水路港池之中。然后坝体之间的水会被泵出。防止吊舱停靠时大轴悬臂移动的液压夹板会被移走，让大轴得以转动。在中央机房中，由十个液压马达组成的阵列开始转动中心轴。中心轴相连到大轴的外臂，外臂开始以每分钟1/8转的速度转动。随着大轴的转动，吊舱透过简单的齿轮系统*持在垂直位置。两个八米宽的齿轮绕着相同宽度的固定内嵌齿轮转动，它们由两个转动方向与外部齿轮相反的小齿轮相连，进而*吊舱始终*持水平。当吊舱到达顶部时，船只直接穿过位于水路港池上方24米处的沟渠。

第7段

The remaining 11 metres of lift needed to reach the Union Canal is achieved by means of a pair of locks.The Wheel could not be constructed to elevate boats over the full 35-metre difference between the two canals,owing to the presence of the historically important Antonine Wall,which was built by the Romans in the second century AD.Boats travel under this wall via a tunnel,then through the locks,and finally on to the Union Canal.

到达联手水路所需的剩余11米距离是透过一对水闸来实现的。由于在发展史上十分重要的安东尼墙的存在（该墙是罗马人在公元二世纪修建的），人们无法在两条水路之间搭建大轴以升起船只跨越35米的高度。船只透过隧道在这堵墙下面行驶，然后穿过船闸，*后到达联手水路。

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