在雅思大作文中，如果说有难点，那么首当其冲的就是论点的匮乏。对学生来说，雅思大作文本身涉及的话题非常广泛而且陌生，“没有想法”、“让我写中文都写不出来”这些都是写作老师经常听到的话。

其实，掌握一些所谓的“*句子/通用论点”，对雅思考生的大作文写作是有一定的积极意义的。正所谓“熟读唐诗三百首，不会作诗也能吟”。

因此，朗阁海外考试研究中心建议考生们在掌握主体段论证方法的同时，还可以了解相关的通用论点，这样不仅能增加对相关话题的熟悉程度，还能通过反复使用通用论点来体会正规语言的特点。更重要的是明白：什么样的语言可以是语言。

II. 定义

“通用论点”到底是什么？对于它的理解有两种：一种是各个话题间自由使用的语句，另一种是仅一类话题中通用的论断性语句。以下朗阁海外考试研究中心将主要论述后者。

首先，能作为通用论点的语句在语法上应该是具备潜质的。

1.    复合从句

Eg:

① What is meant by this is that each individual must be aware of the impact he or she has on the world and their unique part to play in this world.

一个名词性从句作主语。整个句子是个“复合复杂”句。

② What will happen is that technology will not replace teachers.

2.    倒装句

Eg:

① Only by further developing the way in which we manage our societies can we make sure that those currently not in control of globalization

倒装句式。雅思作文其中一个要求就是考生能运用不同的句式表达，能记住这样稍微复杂的倒装句式，作文会上一个层次。

② Only when it is more costly to keep up a building or a district should town and city planners consider redevelopment as an option.

3.    连接性佳

Eg: What is needed, therefore, is education.

这句话的逻辑关系性紧凑，文章衔接非常自然通畅。

其次，语感优美。

Eg:

①     The core of the conflicts in the contemporary society is rooted in the growing population and a changing economy. 对称押韵的句式用法

②     I do not believe it is the best or only way to protect the environment; in fact, it is only a small part of what is needed in a global initiative.

③     We have seen and continue to see civilization being bulldozed in the name of progress.

④      It will never replace this, it will only make this matter more important.

再次，具有代表性。

Eg:

①      The teacher will have to stimulate the minds and bring out the creativity in his or her students. （教育类）

②      The computer may communicate concrete knowledge, but only the teacher is able to communicate wisdom, to build self-confidence, and to make one think creatively. （教育类）

③      Globalization certainly has the potential to bring about great advances for humankind. （全球化）

④      Many argue that the costs of globalization are too high. （全球化）

⑤      We cannot afford to ignore the seriousness of this phenomenon. （跨话题通用类）

III. 使用

Eg:

题目：Environmental hazards are often too great for particular countries or individuals to tackle. We have arrived at a point in time where the only way to lessen environmental problems is at an international level.

To what extent do you agree or disagree?

节选一：…However, although I respect the aims of the international community to resolve the issue of environmental pollution and support their cause, I do not believe it is the best or only way to protect the environment; in fact, it is only a small part of what is needed in a global initiative…

节选二：…All world problems, whether it is environmental pollution, war, energy insufficiency, or famine, arise from the abusive behavior of all individuals. Therefore, the solution to all these problems is the need for a collective consciousness. What is meant by this is that each individual must be aware of the impact he or she has on the world and their unique part to play in this world…..

节选三：...Historic buildings are vital for our prospective future. These assets need protection. We cannot afford to lose the physical materials, ideas, skills and understanding of our past….

IV. 总结

所谓的通用类论点其实可以被算作是一种夺取的“捷径”，其主要作用在于可以帮助考生在短时间内*抓住每个话题的中心论点和基本精髓。但朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们对通用论点也要*持清醒的头脑，紧紧依靠对此类语句的机械记忆来得不是雅思写作备考的题中之义，是不科学的。此类语句的主要作用在于示范和模仿，而非盲目的崇拜和套用。